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Let’s understand the Klebsiella Pneumoniae

Klebsiella pneumoniae causes a wide range of infections such as infections of the urinary tract, bacteraemia and liver abscesses. Klebsiella is also responsible for a large number of infections acquired by the community. The morbidity and mortality of such infections is a distinguishing characteristic, and the associated Klebsiella types are considered hypervirulent. The isolation of multidrug-resistant strains has dramatically narrowed the therapeutic choices for the treatment of Klebsiella infections, or fully eliminated in some settings. Not surprisingly, many organizations described this pathogen as an 'urgent threat to human health.' This analysis summarizes the enormous progress made toward uncovering Klebsiella pneumonia’s sophisticated immune evasion tactics. Klebsiella co-evolution in response to an active immune threat has made Klebsiella a powerful pathogen that uses stealth tactics and deliberately suppresses innate immune defences to circumvent host responses to survive in the tissues.

 

Moving forward, A deeper understanding of Klebsiella's strategies of immune evasion in the sense of host-pathogen interactions is crucial to designing new therapies that can be focused on antagonizing this pathogen's anti-immune strategies. Previously, Klebsiella pneumoniae has mainly caused severe infection in immune-compromised individuals but the recent appearance and spread of hypervirulent strains have increased the number of people prone to the infection to include those who are healthy and immune sufficient. Also, Klebsiella pneumoniae strains have become highly resistant to antibiotics, making infection with those strains very difficult to treat. Work has illustrated the worldwide distribution of one drug-resistant strain and on host defence axis, interleukin-17 (IL-17), which is critical for infection control. Some factors like capsules, lip polysaccharides, fimbriae and siderophores have been well examined in at least one infection model and are important for virulence. A variety of other variables was less well characterized but is also significant in at least one model of infection.

 

There is nevertheless a substantial amount of variability in Klebsiella. Pneumoniae strains, and not every part, have the same vital role in all virulent Klebsiella strains. Recent research has defined additional Klebsiella pneumoniae virulence factors and resulted in further insight into factors that are essential for this pathogen's growth at a variety of tissue sites. Many of those genes encode proteins that operate in metabolism and transcription regulation. Nevertheless, much research remains to be done in describing these newly discovered causes, understanding how infections differ between healthy and immune-compromised patients and defining desirable bacterial or host targets for the treatment of such infection.

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